Change is instrumental in any large government organisation. The nature of public sector and its mandate to ultimately serve New Zealand in the best way possible, requires continuous improvement of how that ministry or department operates. Programmes are active in many of these organisations, sometimes having been passed directly from the ministerial level, others introduced by an executive or leadership team to become a better organisation.

So how does public sector programme management differ from any other organisation? There are certainly parallels, and much of the programme or project assurance methodology applies regardless of the type of business. In our experience working closely with NZā€™s public sector, we know first hand the nuances that exist that make programmes in government different.

Public Sector Programme Management IQANZ

Public sector programmes vs. private sector programmes

A fundamental difference between private and public sector business initiatives is in their outcomes. A private enterprise with commercial objectives has strategic goals that ensure the financial performance is good. While many programmes are not always financially related, their success is usually expected to have some positive financial impact on the performance of the business.

A programme within government needs to consider financial elements carefully of course, but the objectives are more about improving the functions of the public sector and ultimately the quality of life for New Zealanders. An easy way to think about the difference is by considering the end stakeholder difference:

Shareholders vs. Taxpayers.

Programmes are affected by mandates and elections

A public sector programme can be affected at any time in its lifespan by decisions made by a minister managing that agency within their portfolio. This can mean programmes have scope changes or reprioritisation of their projects as political winds shift or the context or desire changes.

Even more disruptive, but entirely par for the course, is the election year uncertainty – and post-election changes. If the government has switched from one major party to the other, the programmes in the public sector may have more disruptions than when the incumbent party remains in government.

Despite this, itā€™s in no governmentā€™s best interests to entirely derail long term programmes that have been partly rolled out – so typically there are changes to work through rather than completely shelving a programme.

Programme governance is critical

Governance is important no matter the size of the business or indeed whether itā€™s in public or private sectors. Ensuring the programme is managed, reported on and overseen to best practice is of top priority. The Office of the Auditor General (OAG) speaks to this in their page Elements of effective governance, highlighting the need for clear accountability and proactive risk management.

Any government body can be subject to an official information act request and audits by the aforementioned OAG. Itā€™s crucial that governance is tight and accurate to keep the programme healthy and able to respond to such reviews – as well as review by the minister into progress.

Budget comes from the taxpayer – an increased level of scrutiny for programmes

Ultimately government agencies are responsible to the taxpayer – the public elect the government of the day and fund the programmes within the public sector; they therefore need to be considered in decision making.

Some programmes within the government attract media exposure due to how they impact a large percentage of Kiwis. Others may end up in the news for the wrong reasons, such as perceived budget issues or failure.

In our work as an assurance provider for programmes in the public Sector, weā€™re always keeping sight the importance of efficient, accurate programme delivery. We help our clients find ways to build robust governance, excellent delivery practices, and ultimately a good outcome.

Outcomes for the benefit of New Zealand, not the organisation

Programmes may have an outward focus, such as an improved online experience for Kiwis (the overhaul of the Inland Revenue portal and website being one such example), or they may be programmes that are based around improving internal operations. Even those programmes with changes that the general public may not notice are done in order to make our public sector run better, which in turn is a better use of budget and keeps the country running more effectively in a number of areas. Consider the functions from business, transport, passports, environment – the list goes on. Programmes of work inside these departments based around improvement eventually benefit the country as whole.

Inter-agency collaboration

While large private enterprises run programmes internally and with only the involvement of external suppliers, public sector projects are often made up of more than one agency. This is important for initiatives that touch various functions of government. Some activities have a lead agency and secondary agencies who provide part of the work required. Treasury is often involved in cross-agency initiatives.

Public Sector Programme Management IQANZ

The sign off process

Sign off will be outlined in a good governance process. As youā€™d imagine, the processes around approving deliverables and decisions in the public sector can be complex – although this isnā€™t always more complex than the private sector.

Sign offs vary greatly in their importance and rigour. A simple decision around functionality of a front end design may be able to get green-lit in a day. More significant changes like a scope adjustment will need to go through a process and often, several levels of sign off.

What needs to be acknowledged is that decisions in a government department have implications outside of the organisation – on the government of the day and New Zealand as a whole. Itā€™s therefore understandable that work programmes.

We are government programme assurance experts

If youā€™re working in the public sector on a programme and need assurance practices to support positive outcomes, IQANZ has extensive knowledge and experience that could help. Our team has collectively well over 100 years of time working in and around the public sector, so we know the challenges that programmes can face. If you want to learn more, get in touch today.

Where to next?

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